| GDP (purchasing power parity) | $4.735 trillion (2012 est.) $4.492 trillion (2011 est.) $4.205 trillion (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars | $514.6 billion (2012 est.) $496.3 billion (2011 est.) $481.7 billion (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars |
| GDP - real growth rate | 5.4% (2012 est.) 6.8% (2011 est.) 10.1% (2010 est.) | 3.7% (2012 est.) 3% (2011 est.) 3.1% (2010 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP) | $3,900 (2012 est.) $3,700 (2011 est.) $3,500 (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars | $2,900 (2012 est.) $2,800 (2011 est.) $2,800 (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 17% industry: 18% services: 65% (2011 est.) | agriculture: 20.1% industry: 25.5% services: 54.4% (2012 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 29.8% (2010 est.) | 22.3% (FY05/06 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: 3.6% highest 10%: 31.1% (2005) | lowest 10%: 9.9% highest 10%: 39.3% (FY07/08) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 9.2% (2012 est.) 8.9% (2011 est.) | 11.3% (2012 est.) 11.9% (2011 est.) |
| Labor force | 498.4 million (2012 est.) | 60.36 million note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor (2012 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 53% industry: 19% services: 28% (2011 est.) | agriculture: 45.1% industry: 20.7% services: 34.2% (2010 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 9.9% (2012 est.) 9.8% (2011 est.) | 5.6% (2012 est.) 5.6% (2011 est.) note: substantial underemployment exists |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 36.8 (2004) 37.8 (1997) | 30.6 (FY07/08) 41 (FY98/99) |
| Budget | revenues: $171.5 billion expenditures: $281 billion (2012 est.) | revenues: $29.51 billion expenditures: $44.19 billion (2012 est.) |
| Industries | textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software, pharmaceuticals | textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer, shrimp |
| Industrial production growth rate | 4.8% (2011 est.) | 3% (2011 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, lentils, onions, potatoes; dairy products, sheep, goats, poultry; fish | cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs |
| Exports | $309.1 billion (2012 est.) $305 billion (2011 est.) | $24.66 billion (2012 est.) $26.3 billion (2011 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | petroleum products, precious stones, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, vehicles, apparel | textiles (garments, bed linen, cotton cloth, yarn), rice, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals, manufactures, carpets and rugs |
| Exports - partners | UAE 12.7%, US 10.8%, China 6.2%, Singapore 5.3%, Hong Kong 4.1% (2011) | US 15%, UAE 9.7%, Afghanistan 9.5%, China 9.2%, UK 5%, Germany 4.5% (2012 est.) |
| Imports | $500.3 billion (2012 est.) $490 billion (2011 est.) | $40.82 billion (2012 est.) $38.93 billion (2011 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | crude oil, precious stones, machinery, fertilizer, iron and steel, chemicals | petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, plastics, transportation equipment, edible oils, paper and paperboard, iron and steel, tea |
| Imports - partners | China 11.9%, UAE 7.7%, Switzerland 6.8%, Saudi Arabia 6.1%, US 4.9% (2011) | UAE 17.2%, China 15%, Saudi Arabia 11.2%, Kuwait 8.9%, Malaysia 5.4%, Japan 4.3% (2012 est.) |
| Debt - external | $299.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $287.5 billion (31 December 2011 est.) | $55.98 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $58.27 billion (31 December 2011 est.) |
| Exchange rates | Indian rupees (INR) per US dollar - 53.17 (2012 est.) 46.671 (2011 est.) 45.726 (2010 est.) 48.405 (2009) 43.319 (2008) | Pakistani rupees (PKR) per US dollar - 95.1 (2012 est.) 86.3434 (2011 est.) 85.194 (2010 est.) 81.71 (2009) 70.64 (2008) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 July - 30 June |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 30% of GDP (2012 est.) | 10.9% of GDP (2012 est.) |
| Public debt | 51.9% of GDP (2012 est.) 50.5% of GDP (2011 est.) note: data cover central government debt, and exclude debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions | 50.4% of GDP (2012 est.) 60.1% of GDP (2011 est.) |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | $287.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $297.9 billion (31 December 2011 est.) | $13.5 billion (30 November 2012 est.) $18.09 billion (31 December 2011 est.) |
| Current Account Balance | -$80.15 billion (2012 est.) -$46.91 billion (2011 est.) | -$4.632 billion (2012 est.) $268 million (2011 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate) | $1.947 trillion (2012 est.) | $230.5 billion (2012 est.) |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | $256.6 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $232.7 billion (31 December 2011 est.) | $22.38 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $21.88 billion (31 December 2011 est.) |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | $121.3 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $106.3 billion (31 December 2011 est.) | $1.482 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $1.432 billion (31 December 2011 est.) |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | $1.015 trillion (31 December 2011) $1.616 trillion (31 December 2010) $1.179 trillion (31 December 2009) | $32.76 billion (31 December 2011) $38.17 billion (31 December 2010) $33.24 billion (31 December 2009) |
| Central bank discount rate | 5.5% (31 December 2010 est.) 6% (31 December 2009 est.) note: the Indian central bank's policy rate - the repurchase rate - was 8% during December 2012 | 12% (31 January 2012 est.) 14% (31 December 2010 est.) |
| Commercial bank prime lending rate | 10.8% (31 December 2012 est.) 10.19% (31 December 2011 est.) | 12.2% (31 December 2012 est.) 14.12% (31 December 2011 est.) |
| Stock of money | $278.8 billion (31 December 2009) $239.8 billion (31 December 2008) | $NA (31 December 2008) $52.76 billion (31 December 2007) |
| Stock of quasi money | $853.4 billion (31 December 2009) $687.7 billion (31 December 2008) | $NA (31 December 2008) $18.42 billion (31 December 2007) |
| Stock of domestic credit | $1.402 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) $1.249 trillion (31 December 2011 est.) | $92.06 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $86.19 billion (31 December 2011 est.) |
| Stock of narrow money | $342.3 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $305.7 billion (31 December 2011 est.) | $60.68 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $56.34 billion (31 December 2011 est.) |
| Stock of broad money | $1.451 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) $1.293 trillion (31 December 2011 est.) | $76.16 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $71.36 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
| Taxes and other revenues | 8.8% of GDP (2012 est.) | 12.8% of GDP (2012 est.) |
| Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) | -5.6% of GDP (2012 est.) | -6.4% of GDP (2012 est.) |
| Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 | total: 10.5% male: 10.4% female: 10.8% (2004) | total: 7.7% male: 7% female: 10.5% (2008) |
Tuesday, August 20, 2013
India vs. Pakistan : Economy Comparison
Wednesday, July 10, 2013
China's weak exports surprise everyone
China warned on Wednesday of a
"grim" outlook for trade as the world's second-largest economy surprised financial markets by reporting a fall in exports and imports when both had been expected to rise.
The figures, which follow a government crackdown on the use of fake invoicing that had exaggerated exports earlier this year, are likely to raise fresh concerns about the extent of the slowdown in the economy and global demand.
The June data, showing that exports fell 3.1 percent from a year earlier and imports dropped 0.7 percent, may now reflect the true trade picture, customs officials said.
"China faces relatively stern challenges in trade currently," customs spokesman Zheng Yuesheng told a news briefing on the June trade figures.
"Exports in the third quarter look grim," said Zheng.
The Australian dollar briefly fell about a third of a cent after the China data, reflecting worries about Chinese demand for Australia's commodities, such as iron ore and coal.
The MSCI Asia-Pacific ex-Japan index <.MIAPJ0000PUS> was up 0.5 percent after gaining as much as 1.2 percent to a one-week high before the trade figures came out.
The export fall was the first since January 2012. Economists had expected exports to increase 4.0 percent and imports to rise 8.0 percent.
China's trade data is volatile and has been distorted by speculative capital flows across the country's border. Doubts about the accuracy of the figures had abated slightly since the customs office and top foreign exchange regulator launched a campaign in May to crack down on fake export invoices.
Fake invoicing inflated China's official import and export totals by $75 billion in the first four months of 2013, local media reported on June 14, citing an internal review by China's commerce ministry.
The customs data showed that exports to the United States, China's biggest export market, fell 5.4 percent, while exports to the European Union dropped 8.3 percent.
"The surprisingly weak June exports show China's economy is facing increasing downward pressure on lacklustre external demand," said Li Huiyong, an economist at Shenyin & Wanguo Securities in Shanghai.
"Exports are facing challenges in the second half of this year. The appreciation of the U.S. dollar and the Chinese government's recent crackdown on speculative trade activities also put pressure on exports."
China had a trade surplus of $27.1 billion in June, the customs administration said, largely in line with the $27.0 billion expected by economists.
China's reform-minded new leaders have shown a tolerance of slower growth, although they still need to avoid widespread job losses that could threaten social stability.
Economists expect data next week to show that annual growth in China for the April-June quarter slowed down to 7.5 percent.
A continued slide in growth could test leaders' resolve to tolerate a short-term slowdown in the economy while pressing ahead with efforts to revamp the economy for the longer term.
"grim" outlook for trade as the world's second-largest economy surprised financial markets by reporting a fall in exports and imports when both had been expected to rise.
The figures, which follow a government crackdown on the use of fake invoicing that had exaggerated exports earlier this year, are likely to raise fresh concerns about the extent of the slowdown in the economy and global demand.
The June data, showing that exports fell 3.1 percent from a year earlier and imports dropped 0.7 percent, may now reflect the true trade picture, customs officials said.
"China faces relatively stern challenges in trade currently," customs spokesman Zheng Yuesheng told a news briefing on the June trade figures.
"Exports in the third quarter look grim," said Zheng.
The Australian dollar briefly fell about a third of a cent after the China data, reflecting worries about Chinese demand for Australia's commodities, such as iron ore and coal.
The MSCI Asia-Pacific ex-Japan index <.MIAPJ0000PUS> was up 0.5 percent after gaining as much as 1.2 percent to a one-week high before the trade figures came out.
The export fall was the first since January 2012. Economists had expected exports to increase 4.0 percent and imports to rise 8.0 percent.
China's trade data is volatile and has been distorted by speculative capital flows across the country's border. Doubts about the accuracy of the figures had abated slightly since the customs office and top foreign exchange regulator launched a campaign in May to crack down on fake export invoices.
Fake invoicing inflated China's official import and export totals by $75 billion in the first four months of 2013, local media reported on June 14, citing an internal review by China's commerce ministry.
The customs data showed that exports to the United States, China's biggest export market, fell 5.4 percent, while exports to the European Union dropped 8.3 percent.
"The surprisingly weak June exports show China's economy is facing increasing downward pressure on lacklustre external demand," said Li Huiyong, an economist at Shenyin & Wanguo Securities in Shanghai.
"Exports are facing challenges in the second half of this year. The appreciation of the U.S. dollar and the Chinese government's recent crackdown on speculative trade activities also put pressure on exports."
China had a trade surplus of $27.1 billion in June, the customs administration said, largely in line with the $27.0 billion expected by economists.
China's reform-minded new leaders have shown a tolerance of slower growth, although they still need to avoid widespread job losses that could threaten social stability.
Economists expect data next week to show that annual growth in China for the April-June quarter slowed down to 7.5 percent.
A continued slide in growth could test leaders' resolve to tolerate a short-term slowdown in the economy while pressing ahead with efforts to revamp the economy for the longer term.
BlackBerry CEO says outright sale of the company an option under consideration
BlackBerry Ltd signaled on Tuesday that a licensing deal, or even an
outright sale of the company, was still a possibility, pleasing shareholders
still reeling from the disappointing debut for its new line of
smartphones.
Chief Executive Thorsten Heins, responding to a question about whether he was looking into strategic alternatives, said he is open to all options that create value for shareholders. He emphasized that the company has so far focused on creating value through the launch of its new devices powered by an all-new BlackBerry 10 operating system.
"This is a long-term transition for the company, but I can assure you that we're pushing very hard," Heins said at the company's annual shareholder meeting. "BlackBerry will pursue every opportunity to create value for shareholders."
His remarks that BlackBerry was also open to any and all licensing opportunities, sent shares higher in morning trading.
John Goldsmith, deputy head of equities at Montrusco Bolton, which owns more than 1.5 million BlackBerry shares, believes that BlackBerry may well be pressed into striking such a deal.
"I think they're on a very short leash," said Goldsmith, referring to BlackBerry's management. "I wouldn't be surprised if within the next two quarters there is a definitive announcement with regard to other options that this company could be looking at whether that's putting itself for sale or some other option."
The company's stock had dropped more than 30 percent after it posted disappointing second-quarter results in late June and forecast an operating loss in the current quarter.
A bigger concern for investors, was the fact that it sold fewer-than-expected BlackBerry 10 devices in their first full quarter on the market, offering little evidence that it could quickly win back market share from Apple Inc'siPhone, Samsung's
<005930 .ks=""> Galaxy devices, and other phones powered by Google's
Android operating system.
Even so, some investors believe many other companies would relish the prospect of getting their hands on the new platform.
"I can see why this guy is confident," said Ross Healy, a portfolio manager with MacNicol & Associates, whose clients own BlackBerry shares. "He is talking about partnerships and being open to talks and I don't think you say that unless you've really had a talk or two with interested parties - and that gives you some confidence."
At the meeting, held at BlackBerry's home base in Waterloo, Ontario, Heins conceded that BlackBerry has a tough road ahead as it attempts to turn around its fortunes, but he insisted it was on the right track.
Heins said BlackBerry was already seeing small signs of market-share gains in the top-end of the ultra-competitive smartphone market.
"Before you go into any strategic option, I think you have to create value. And the value of the company 15 months ago was way less than what it is today," he said.
CLOCK TICKING
Despite the company's confident tone, many investors agree that the clock is ticking for BlackBerry, which is caught in a squeeze on both the high- and low-ends of the smartphone market.
BlackBerry 10 devices hit store shelves this year just as the high-end smartphone segment had begun to show some signs of saturation. Last week, Samsung reported results that fell shy of expectations, while Apple earlier this year reported its first quarterly profit decline in more than a decade.
On the mid- to low end, competition is growing intense, with Chinese manufacturers such as Huawei Technologies [HWT.UL] and ZTE <000063 .sz=""> gaining ground.[ID:n3N0FA0WP][ID:nL2N0DA2DR]
Even so, BlackBerry said it remains determined to stick to its plan and is not re-thinking its strategy in any manner.
"We as a board remain completely supportive of management," said the company's chair, Barbara Stymiest, adding that she was confident the turnaround plan would succeed.
Shareholders voted on Tuesday to elect all the company's director nominees to its board. They also approved the plan to change the company's name to BlackBerry Ltd from Research In Motion Ltd, a move that had been announced in January.
BlackBerry shares closed almost 1 percent higher at $9.64 on the Nasdaq on Tuesday.
Chief Executive Thorsten Heins, responding to a question about whether he was looking into strategic alternatives, said he is open to all options that create value for shareholders. He emphasized that the company has so far focused on creating value through the launch of its new devices powered by an all-new BlackBerry 10 operating system.
"This is a long-term transition for the company, but I can assure you that we're pushing very hard," Heins said at the company's annual shareholder meeting. "BlackBerry will pursue every opportunity to create value for shareholders."
His remarks that BlackBerry was also open to any and all licensing opportunities, sent shares higher in morning trading.
John Goldsmith, deputy head of equities at Montrusco Bolton, which owns more than 1.5 million BlackBerry shares, believes that BlackBerry may well be pressed into striking such a deal.
"I think they're on a very short leash," said Goldsmith, referring to BlackBerry's management. "I wouldn't be surprised if within the next two quarters there is a definitive announcement with regard to other options that this company could be looking at whether that's putting itself for sale or some other option."
The company's stock had dropped more than 30 percent after it posted disappointing second-quarter results in late June and forecast an operating loss in the current quarter.
A bigger concern for investors, was the fact that it sold fewer-than-expected BlackBerry 10 devices in their first full quarter on the market, offering little evidence that it could quickly win back market share from Apple Inc's
Even so, some investors believe many other companies would relish the prospect of getting their hands on the new platform.
"I can see why this guy is confident," said Ross Healy, a portfolio manager with MacNicol & Associates, whose clients own BlackBerry shares. "He is talking about partnerships and being open to talks and I don't think you say that unless you've really had a talk or two with interested parties - and that gives you some confidence."
At the meeting, held at BlackBerry's home base in Waterloo, Ontario, Heins conceded that BlackBerry has a tough road ahead as it attempts to turn around its fortunes, but he insisted it was on the right track.
Heins said BlackBerry was already seeing small signs of market-share gains in the top-end of the ultra-competitive smartphone market.
"Before you go into any strategic option, I think you have to create value. And the value of the company 15 months ago was way less than what it is today," he said.
CLOCK TICKING
Despite the company's confident tone, many investors agree that the clock is ticking for BlackBerry, which is caught in a squeeze on both the high- and low-ends of the smartphone market.
BlackBerry 10 devices hit store shelves this year just as the high-end smartphone segment had begun to show some signs of saturation. Last week, Samsung reported results that fell shy of expectations, while Apple earlier this year reported its first quarterly profit decline in more than a decade.
On the mid- to low end, competition is growing intense, with Chinese manufacturers such as Huawei Technologies [HWT.UL] and ZTE <000063 .sz=""> gaining ground.[ID:n3N0FA0WP][ID:nL2N0DA2DR]
Even so, BlackBerry said it remains determined to stick to its plan and is not re-thinking its strategy in any manner.
"We as a board remain completely supportive of management," said the company's chair, Barbara Stymiest, adding that she was confident the turnaround plan would succeed.
Shareholders voted on Tuesday to elect all the company's director nominees to its board. They also approved the plan to change the company's name to BlackBerry Ltd from Research In Motion Ltd, a move that had been announced in January.
BlackBerry shares closed almost 1 percent higher at $9.64 on the Nasdaq on Tuesday.
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